"Several times we had enemy infantry jumping into our trenches": the company commander who spent 343 consecutive days on the front line

Ukrainska Pravda
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"Several times we had enemy infantry jumping into our trenches": the company commander who spent 343 consecutive days on the front line

Stories of prolonged infantry deployments to the contact zone are no longer rare. There have been media reports of soldiers returning for recovery after three, four or even six months in the combat zone without a break.

These stories are about infantry soldiers, who bear the heaviest burden of the war and are carrying Ukraine on their shoulders – and it's right that their stories should be told. But almost no one ever points out that this situation is fundamentally wrong and not normal. It shouldn't be this way, first and foremost because prolonged deployments in the combat zone reduce soldiers' effectiveness, take a serious toll on their health, and can end badly both for them and for the stability of the front itself.

The main reason for prolonged combat deployments is the acute shortage of infantry. Oleksii, who is 37 and serves in the 3rd Mountain Assault Battalion of the 128th Zakarpattia Separate Mountain Assault Brigade, knows this from his own experience. He spent nearly an entire year – 343 days – in the contact zone without a break. This is one of the longest-ever combat deployments in the Armed Forces of Ukraine.

"In 2020, the enlistment office invited me in for a coffee to 'discuss some work-related matters' – and handed me a call-up notice"

Oleksii's case is unique not only because of the length of time he spent in the combat zone, but also because he is an officer a captain and the commander of a mountain assault company. Good company commanders are often present at contact line positions, but usually not for long, as they have a wide range of responsibilities beyond combat duties.

Oleksii spent longer in the combat zone than anyone else has: he arrived at the positions on 1 April 2025 and left on 8 March 2026. Both dates carry a certain symbolic weight which, with a bit of imagination (plus a sense of humour – essential for anyone in the army), can easily be applied to Oleksii himself. The day he left his position was International Women's Day, and he immediately went on leave to celebrate his daughter's 10th birthday. The significance of 1 April becomes clear when he describes how he ended up in the Armed Forces of Ukraine in the first place.

Oleksii was a civilian from Luhansk Oblast – the part that has been under occupation since 2014. He studied biology at V.N. Karazin National University in Kharkiv. At the same time, he completed military training and received an officer's rank. That was before Russia's 2014 invasion began.

He got married in 2013, and the following year he moved to his wife's home in Cherkasy Oblast, where he began working at an employment centre in a small town. Two years later his wife gave birth to their daughter, and he became a dad.

And this is where the symbolism of 1 April comes in. One of Oleksii's responsibilities was to provide career guidance for the Armed Forces of Ukraine. In other words, he helped recruit contract soldiers and frequently interacted with Territorial Recruitment Centres (military enlistment offices) as part of his job. In the end, this "karma" caught up with him. At the end of 2020, staff from an enlistment office invited him in for a coffee to "discuss some work-related matters" – and handed him a call-up notice for 18 months of service in the Armed Forces of Ukraine as a reserve officer.

"The 18 months will fly by. You'll serve in a brigade and receive a proper rank, and it'll all be fine," they promised.

In theory Oleksii could have dodged this "attractive" offer – but he said yes.

"I decided to settle this matter and not to hide away, but to serve the 18 months, return home, and be able to look people in the eye," he explains.

Oleksii immediately after leaving his combat position.

Photo: Oleksii

Oleksii was assigned to the 128th Separate Mountain Assault Brigade, where he became the commander of a platoon of flamethrower troops in an NBC (nuclear, biological and chemical) protection company. The brigade was holding the defence in Mariupol at the time, but mobilised reserve officers were not deployed to the Joint Forces Operation zone. However, after six months of service, Oleksii was persuaded to sign a one-year contract so he could go on a combat rotation and obtain combatant status. That's what his commanding officer promised.

"I agreed," Oleksii says. "The one-year contract was supposed to end in June 2022, which was when my mobilisation would have ended as well, so it suited me. But in February the full-scale war began."

Oleksii spent the first few months at the brigade's permanent deployment point in Zakarpattia, reinforcing the company with mobilised personnel. Later, he deployed to the combat zone with his unit.

The NBC protection company is considered a unit that operates behind the lines, with the exception of the flamethrower platoon, which was actively involved in combat. Although Oleksii, as commander, did not operate a flamethrower himself, he was often present at combat positions. Because of his education and intellectual appearance – notably his glasses – he was given the alias "Botanik" (Nerd), and it stuck.

"There were several critical situations when enemy infantry jumped into our trenches"

The mountain assault company's positions are located on the Orikhiv front in Zaporizhzhia Oblast, in wooded areas between settlements (we can only describe them in general terms for security reasons).

The firing positions are arranged in a staggered pattern: one further forward, the rest positioned to the sides and behind, with a total area of responsibility of around 2 km. The company's command and observation post is set up behind the lines but is still part of the fortification system. Each position is equipped with Starlink, which operates on a schedule, as a constantly active antenna creates a thermal signature and may reveal the location. The rest of the time, communication is maintained via walkie-talkie.

"Behind our positions there's a village that's been almost completely destroyed," Botanik says. "For a while there was a house there where the drivers used to stay, and they even set up a shower. In theory we could have gone there occasionally to have a proper wash and do some laundry. But we never used that opportunity, and later the constant strikes by guided aerial bombs, artillery and drones forced the drivers to move to a safer location."

Because of his education and intellectual appearance – notably his glasses – Oleksii was known as Botanik (Nerd).

Photo: Oleksii

Whenever possible, supplies, equipment and ammunition are delivered by pickup trucks on rainy and foggy nights. When the weather conditions favour Russian UAVs, the deliveries have to be made by large bomber drones.

"In the contact zone there are periods of relative calm as well as intense fighting. First of all it depends on the weather: the worse it is for our drones, the more enemy assaults there will be. Secondly it depends on the date. The Russians have certain symbolic dates when they seek to distinguish themselves – Victory Day, Army Day or whatever… We know we have to hold out for that period of time, then they wear themselves out and there's a lull," Oleksii adds.

The lull is relative: even when there are no assaults and the artillery is silent, there are nearly always drones in the air. Still, such periods are somewhat easier for the infantry. At the same time, the monotony, poor living conditions, lack of proper food and the unchanging surroundings put significant psychological pressure on them and can trigger minor conflicts.

"To minimise this, I tried to rotate people – moving them from one position to another," Botanik says. "And it helped."

The Russians would periodically attempt to break through the front, assaulting positions using infantry fighting vehicles, motorcycles, quad bikes or on foot.

"There were several critical situations when enemy infantry jumped into our trenches. But they were killed each time. The razor wire and wire entanglement in front of the forward line helped a lot – they slowed down the assault troops and gave our drone operators and machine gunners some time," Oleksii recalls.

Of course, some Ukrainian soldiers were wounded, and some were killed. All of them were evacuated.

"I have good drivers. If a soldier was seriously wounded, we'd activate all the electronic warfare systems, bring in some small arms, and I'd ask the drivers to come in. They'd rush over to the position, pick up the wounded person within seconds and be out of there. They never refused. In that sense I was lucky, because it can be very different…"

Infantry at the positions were rotated whenever possible, and there would be occasional mini-rotations. But it was very rare for anyone to spend less than three months in combat. The constant tension, sense of danger, assaults, strikes and difficult living conditions gradually wore people down. Several developed gastritis and ulcers; others suffered from trench foot.

Two of the soldiers died: one at the position itself (he lay down to have a rest after duty at an observation post and never woke up – his heart stopped), the other immediately after leaving the combat zone (he, too, lay down, on a bed in a village in the contact zone, and never woke up – heart failure). Both were over the age of 50.

These deaths were undoubtedly caused by the war, but as they are officially classified as natural deaths rather than combat-related, the families will not receive the compensation paid for those killed in action. This is yet another injustice of this war.

The company commander at a firing position.

Photo: Oleksii

"There isn't a single career soldier in our company. We're all former civilians"

"I tried to make the fighters' time at the combat positions as bearable as possible," says Oleksii. "I made sure everyone had a chance to talk to their families every day – that helps a lot. When the Starlinks in the contact zone were being verified in February, our terminals stopped working as well, some for quite a long time (although no one spoke about this publicly). So we kept in touch with the soldiers via radio and passed messages to their families by phone.

I know from my own experience how important this is – I try to speak with my daughter every day, and if that's not possible, she sends me voice notes. It helps you keep going. Plus, good commanders matter – and mine are reasonable. I try to be the same for my men."

Not a single member of Oleksii's company is a career soldier who was trained at a specialised military academy. They are all former civilians; some, like Botanik himself, signed a contract after joining the Armed Forces. Yet since this "civilian assault" company has been deployed on the Orikhiv front, they have repelled every Russian assault, not allowing them to advance a single metre, and held every position, even though the situation has been extremely intense at times.

"I understand the cost at which this is achieved. And the main reason for these unnaturally long combat deployments is also clear – the lack of personnel. My company is understaffed (like all the others), and of those we do have, around half are over 50, constantly falling ill and needing treatment. No people – no proper rotations. Another reason is the danger of logistics, but that's secondary. If we had enough people, we could at least find safe windows for rotation once a month.

Ideally an infantryman would spend a month in combat and a month recovering in a frontline village. But the way things are at the moment, this is completely unrealistic because we don't have enough people," Botanik complains.

Botanik: "I see my primary role as a commander as minimising personnel losses."

Photo: Oleksii

After his combat deployment, Oleksii was granted leave – a "full" 15 days (plus travel time). He was home for his daughter's 10th birthday, and he gave her a bike and taught her how to ride it. Then he went back to his unit.

"I see my primary role as a commander as minimising personnel losses – ideally ensuring there are none at all," Botanik says. "But unfortunately in war, and in the infantry, that's not possible. As for my personal motivation, I don't want my loved ones, my daughter, to see what I see – explosions, bombs, destroyed villages, death. That's why I'm here."

Iaroslav Halas, officer in the 128th Separate Mountain Assault Zakarpattia Brigade, for Ukrainska Pravda. Zhyttia (UP.Life)

Translated by Viktoriia Yurchenko

Edited by Teresa Pearce

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